Archive for the ‘Science’ Category

The Balance Scale: A Few Information About This Weighing Instrument

Sunday, May 16th, 2010

by Kyle Framsburger

A balance scale is a kind of weighing device that’s been in use for hundreds of years already. If it looks familiar, it’s the astrological symbol Libra, and it’s usually used in Wild West films for appraising gold dust. You may have also run into this device in your science laboratory classes back in school.

There’s no surprise to that, as using this instrument is one of the most accurate ways of weighing objects. There is a fulcrum point, from which extend two horizontal arms of equal lengths. At the end of each arm is a hanging holding pan or a pan on top of it, depending on the version. On one of the pans is where you put the item to be measured; on the other is where the standardized weights are placed. A reading is derived when the arms are balanced and level.

It’s important that you know the exact amount of standard weights you place on one pan. Such will tell you the weight of the object on the other pan. Because of this, it’s a great way to hone the mathematical skills of children. They need to add up the standard weights they place on the pan to derive the weight of the object being measured. The weights used may be expressed in grams, ounces, kilograms, pounds and others.

The mechanical construction of a balance scale isn’t at all that complicated. It involves only a few moving parts, so maintenance is quite easy. In addition, there’s no need for an external energy source, like a battery or electricity. The instrument can be readily used practically anytime and anywhere at all.

If you’re going to use or buy one, ask yourself: “what sort of items am I going to need to measure?” A small balance scale model is designed for measuring lightweight and tiny items. But a large model is designed for measuring bulkier items. It’s really important that the right scale model is used each time. This will enable you to get a more accurate reading, and at the same time prevent from damaging the weighing device.

When being used, make sure that you place the scale on a level tabletop or any surface. Standardized weights are expressed in a variety of units. See to it that you use those that belong to a common unit. Their values and units are usually written on engraved on their surface. Before writing down the reading, make sure that the arms are stable and level.

There are a few things you need to check prior to using this weighing device. The hanging holding pans or scale pans should be dust free, especially when the model is for weighing lightweight items. Regularly clean the fulcrum point and make sure that it’s free of rust. Also, before placing standardized weights or items on the pans, see to it that the horizontal beam is naturally balanced.

Nowadays, a digital balance scale is available. Some think it’s more convenient that its predecessor as there’s no need to use standardized weights. By simply putting the item to be weighed on the pan, a reading is instantly given by the instrument. But a downside is there’s a need for an external energy source – either a battery or electricity.

Looking for a precise means of weighing objects ? A balance scale is the solution! Check out our online balance scales overview for the ultimate inside skinny!

Now Presenting The New Battery: What Are Lithium Polymer Batteries?

Tuesday, January 26th, 2010

by Phil Zertisky

Lithium Polymer batteries were the next step from the Nickel Cadmium (NiCad) and Nickel Metal Hybrid (NiMH) batteries. While these batteries had served their purpose the developments in personal electronics created a need for lighter, longer lasting batteries. In 2002 the first of the Lithium ion Polymer batteries arrived. Though it is a secondary market for these batteries remote control and motorcycle hobbyists also jumped at the chance for a lighter, more advanced battery.

The old Nickel Cadmium batteries had a flaw in that they developed a ‘memory’. Each time a user charged the batteries they took a little bit smaller charge until they eventually don’t take a charge at all. Even if the batteries are fully drained after each charge as recommended there best life expectancy was about six months.

So called ‘memory’ was not a problem with the Lithium Polymer or ion Polymer batteries. This allowed the batteries to last far longer, even years. Mostly these batteries are used in personal electronics. Your cell phone battery might be a slim rectangle with two contacts at one end, in which case it is one of the most common Lithium ion Polymer cells.

Remote control hobbyists use a different type of the battery that is made up of two or possibly three cells. Hobbyists favor these batteries because they weight one third what and old Nickel Cadmium or Nickel Metal Hybrid battery. This lesser mass combined with a superior capacity gave the batter nearly three time the life.

The batteries have also changed things for custom motorcyclists. The batteries take up far less room that a traditional battery on the motorcycle and weight about a quarter of what a lead acid battery would weigh. These batteries are also more environmentally friendly than traditional lead acid batteries when they do reach the end of their lifespan. The batteries superior charge capabilities make it possible to attempt to start the motorcycle enough times that the starter is no longer working before the battery stops working.

When using a battery you must be very aware of the safety hazards to get the best use of your battery. The batteries build up heat while they are charging and should never filled with a turbo charger or left unattended during charging. If using a trickle charger the batteries require a balancer, which is often built into the charger, to ensure that all cells charge equally and that the battery is at its best performance.

It is vital that a damaged battery is never used because there is a risk of explosion. Keeping the battery protected and away from any kind of corrosive or water will help to maintain the life and safety of the battery.

Properly cared for, a Lithium ion Polymer battery will last for years. Lighter and holding more charge that its earlier counter parts, the Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hybrid batteries and more environmentally friendly the lead acid auto batteries, Lithium ion batteries have changed the way we use our personal electronics, motorcycles and radio control models.

If you want to learn more about the power performance of a lithium polymer batteries, you should find them all over the net. When you use a lithium polymer battery, you will be delighted with the performance.

Use Less Energy With A Solar Water Heater

Tuesday, January 5th, 2010

by Manuel Vintagoli

Heating water for your home can be very expensive. If you would like to spend less money on heating water, consider the addition of a solar water heater. These water heating systems can be installed in many different geographic areas. They are effective enough in some areas to make water heating free.

You will notice that solar heating systems come in two different general types. The one which works best for you will depend on your geographic location. In warm locations, a passive solar tank, a black plastic tank which is installed on the roof and allows water to be warmed in the sun may be all that is necessary. In other areas, an active system will work best. The active system has solar collection panels installed on the roof that either allow the water to pass through for heating or use a heat exchange solution for heating the water in the storage tank.

The tank of the passive solar water heater is painted black in order to absorb the most heat from the sun. The water is kept at a constant level by a float mechanism that is attached to the cold water supply of the home. Water that has been heated in the tank is fed into the hot water supply of the home by gravity. As water flows from the tank it is replenished from the cold water.

The passive solar tank may require that you strengthen the roof structurally to hold the weight of the tank and the water. The solar collectors are light enough that there should not have to be any structural changes.

Passive heating tanks are only appropriate for homes in warmer climates.

One way to install a solar water system is to use it as a pre-heater so that your tank is not filled with cold water but water that has been warmed by the sun in the collector panel. This water then fills a normal water heater that is fueled with gas or electricity. Other systems use a pump to draw cold water from the storage tank and pass it through the collectors to be heated. In either of the cases, if the solar system is not able to keep the water at the correct temperature, the secondary source of heat will come on so that water is always at the correct temperature.

With active systems, it is important to face the collector panels so that they get the most heat gain. They work very well on flat roofs, but if you do not have a flat roof, then they should be on the south facing side of the home’s roof.

Be sure that you follow all instructions for the system regarding freezing weather. If there is danger of a freeze, unprotected systems may suffer major damage or have to be replaced.

In very cold climates, you may find a heat exchange system is the best investment. This system is filled with antifreeze and has a heat exchanger in the storage tank. A pump moves the solution through the solar collectors and then the heat exchanger to warm the water. The solution continues to circulate to bring the water to temperature.

If your electric or gas bill is too high due to the cost of keeping water hot, why not buy a solar water heater and have 100 percent free hot water. More information on solar water heaters now a click away.

See The Solar System Through A High Zoom Telescope

Wednesday, August 19th, 2009

by Jim Samposzi

Scientists as well as hobbyists think of our galaxy as fascinating and extraordinary. The only way to view all of this astonishing creation is to view it using a telescope. This is the only one that allows for enough magnification to make planets and other things in space able to be viewed by the human eye. Some objects in space are so distant that they get classified as a distance in light years, or amount of years it takes for the seeing of this image at any given time on mother earth.

Telescopes, by design, take in light through a tube and then focused so it can be magnified. Therefore, because there are 3 methods in this, there are different telescopes that produce images in different ways. The main types of telescopes are:

* Refractor – This kind is a long tube-like telescope that contains a large lens on the end called an objective lens. This kind uses a series of lenses to refract the light as it comes into the telescope where it can be viewed by the eyepiece. The objective lens on the end can be made of two or more lenses combined in just the right way for strong magnification. These telescopes are simple to keep up with and are very reliable for seeing a slough of planetary objects, stars, and galaxies. The refractor though has its limitations; one cannot view distant galaxies because the refractor is limited in ability. And, the refractor type telescopes are typically more expensive than the others.

* Newtonian Reflector – This type of telescope is completely different than the former in that it takes light into the lens, send it to an opposite side mirror and the reflection is focused and then sent back to the eyepiece for magnification. This type is much stronger than the others and can make it possible to see other galaxies. But, this kind needs a lot of tuning and adjustments. The Newtonian reflector, though, is known to be a bit less expensive than refractors or Catadioptric telescopes.

* Catadioptric – This style includes an arrangement of mirrors and lenses to manipulate beams of light onto a primary mirror and then back to the viewing lens. There is no other telescope stronger than the catadioptric. This kind can magnify pretty much any space object, galaxy, or matter. They are perfect for picking up faraway galaxies, terrestrials, and are powerful enough for terrestrial viewing and photography. This type of telescope can carry a heavy cost and look very different than Newtonian reflectors and refractors.

These instruments are a fascinating piece of technology that makes it possible to see things not of this world. For centuries, people have been fascinated with space and other galaxies and universes. Telescopes make it possible for us to look up at the sky and imagine what it is like light years into the sky.

Jim is a columnist with over 20 years editorial experience. Jim is currently consulting as a publicist with our b2b site and is considered the local specialist on telescopes. Visit our web portal for more information on Telescope and Refractor Telescopes.